Thirteenth Annual Report on Introduction of Domestic Reindeer into Alaska, with Map and Illustrations, 1903. Senate of the United States, 58th Congress, 2nd Session (March 16, 1904). Document No. 210

Autor/in	Jackson, Sheldon
Institution	Bureau of Education (DOI), Alaska Division; US Senate
Titel	Thirteenth Annual Report on Introduction of Domestic Reindeer into Alaska, with Map and Illustrations, 1903. Senate of the United States, 58th Congress, 2nd Session (March 16, 1904). Document No. 210
Quelle	(1904), (288 Seiten) PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Recht; Animals; Animal Husbandry; Alaska Natives; Rural Education; Agricultural Education; American Indian Education; Foreign Countries; Apprenticeships; Industrial Education; Educational Needs; English (Second Language); Second Language Instruction + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Animal; Tier; Tiere; Tierhaltung; Inuit; Ländliche Erwachsenenbildung; Agriculture; Education; Landwirtschaftliche Ausbildung; Landwirtschaft; Ausbildung; Ausland; Apprenticeship; Lehre; Educational need; Bildungsbedarf; English as second language; English; Second Language; Englisch als Zweitsprache; Fremdsprachenunterricht
Abstract	Following a letter of transmittal, this document presents General Agent of Education in Alaska Sheldon Jackson's "13th Annual Report on the Introduction of Domestic Reindeer into Alaska." Winter 1902-03 was unusually severe, but despite difficult conditions overall the reindeer fared unusually well. Currently there are 11 herds of combined 6,505 head. Owners hold their animal under a government agreement preventing slaughter of females for meat and sale of females to other parties than the U.S. government, and ensuring apprentices' instruction in training and breaking deer to harness. Surplus males may be sold for transportation or meat to miners or others in the region. Eskimos have a five-year apprenticeship, and if judged skilled at the end of the term, they are loaned additional deer and continue under supervision for 20 years. If during the 20-year period the government may dispossess a herder from his loan if he fails to care for the herd. Once an apprentice becomes a herder he is expected to train another apprentice, typically a family member. Dr. Jackson estimates that at least 300 natives, counting children and relatives, are being supported by reindeer. No deer were exported by the Russian government from Siberia to Alaska during 1902. He lists personnel and reports on the herds at Point Barrow, Kotzebue, Cape Prince of Wales, Gambell, Teller, Eaton, Nulato, and Kuskokwim. Data breaks out by herd ownership, apprentice numbers, stations needed in 1904, herds loaned by the government to mission societies and to Lapps, congressional appropriations, and expenditures. Dr. Jackson observes the herds' role in providing food and transportation to sustain the natives to serve the miners, and he notes that they need to learn English and attend industrial schools that need to be established. Dr. Jackson also notes that the Secretary of the Interior has repeatedly called on Congress to provide hospitals in the region. He recommends installing a physician in the industrial schools as has been done at missionary stations. He also points out that the herds have been invaluable for mail service, freighting, and relief expeditions. Seventeen appendices are included in the report. (ERIC).
Anmerkungen	Office of Education, United States Department of the Interior.
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01