An Evaluation of Prompting and Reinforcement for Training Visual Analysis Skills

Autor/inn/en	Young, Nicholas D.; Daly, Edward J., III.
Titel	An Evaluation of Prompting and Reinforcement for Training Visual Analysis Skills
Quelle	In: Journal of Behavioral Education, 25 (2016) 1, S.95-119 (25 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1053-0819
DOI	10.1007/s10864-015-9234-z
Schlagwörter	Prompting; Reinforcement; Decision Making; Case Studies; Rewards; Delay of Gratification; Program Effectiveness; Accuracy; Reaction Time; Generalization; Maintenance; Visual Perception + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Benutzerführung; Positive Verstärkung; Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Case study; Fallstudie; Case Study; Reward; Belohnung; Reaktionsvermögen; Visuelle Wahrnehmung
Abstract	This study examined the use of an instructional package consisting of structured criteria, extrastimulus prompts, prompt delay, and reinforcement contingencies to improve decision making based on visual analysis of case-study (A/B) design data. Four participants without backgrounds in behavior analysis received training under two experimental conditions: first, a prompt-delay-plus-accuracy-reward condition and then a prompt-delay-plus-accuracy-and-latency-reward condition. A multiple-baseline-across-participants design was used to evaluate the impact of the instructional package on decision accuracy, response speed, and decision types. Results demonstrated that all participants made substantial improvements in decision accuracy as a function of the instructional package. Gains were highest for three participants who relied on prompts and developed mastery in the prompt-delay-plus-accuracy-reward condition. Generalization to unprompted conditions for all participants was immediate and maintained 1 week after training was concluded. Results are discussed in terms of behavioral mechanisms that appeared to control decision making during instruction, practical applications to applied settings, and needs for future research. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01