Interrelationships between Working Memory, Processing Speed, and Language Development in the Age Range 2-4 Years

Autor/inn/en	Newbury, Jayne; Klee, Thomas; Stokes, Stephanie F.; Moran, Catherine
Titel	Interrelationships between Working Memory, Processing Speed, and Language Development in the Age Range 2-4 Years
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 59 (2016) 5, S.1146-1158 (13 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
DOI	10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0322
Schlagwörter	Preschool Children; Correlation; Short Term Memory; Cognitive Processes; Language Acquisition; Phonology; Visual Perception; Standardized Tests; Receptive Language; Expressive Language; Longitudinal Studies; Multiple Regression Analysis; Prediction + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Pre-school age; Preschool age; Child; Children; Pre-school education; Preschool education; Vorschulalter; Kind; Kinder; Vorschulkind; Vorschulkinder; Vorschulerziehung; Vorschule; Korrelation; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Sprachaneignung; Spracherwerb; Fonologie; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Standadised tests; Standardisierter Test; Rezeptive Kommunikationsfähigkeit; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Vorhersage
Abstract	Purpose: This study explored associations between working memory and language in children aged 2-4 years. Method: Seventy-seven children aged 24-30 months were assessed on tests measuring language, visual cognition, verbal working memory (VWM), phonological short-term memory (PSTM), and processing speed. A standardized test of receptive and expressive language was used as the outcomes measure 18 months later. Results There were moderate-to-strong longitudinal bivariate relationships between the 3 processing measures and language outcomes. Early VWM showed the strongest bivariate relationship with both later expressive (r = 0.71) and receptive language (r = 0.72). In a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, adding early VWM, PSTM, and processing speed improved prediction of receptive and expressive language outcomes (12%-13% additional variance) compared with models consisting only of early receptive or expressive language, parent education, and age. Conclusions: Unique associations in hierarchical regression analyses were demonstrated between VWM at age two years and receptive and expressive language skills at age four, and between early processing speed and later receptive language. However, early PSTM did not predict unique variance in language outcomes, as it shared variance with other measures. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01