The Phenotypic and Genotypic Relation between Working Memory Speed and Capacity

Autor/inn/en	Polderman, Tinca J. C.; Stins, John F.; Posthuma, Danielle; Gosso, M. Florencia; Verhulst, Frank C.; Boomsma, Dorret I.
Titel	The Phenotypic and Genotypic Relation between Working Memory Speed and Capacity
Quelle	In: Intelligence, 34 (2006) 6, S.549-560 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0160-2896
DOI	10.1016/j.intell.2006.03.010
Schlagwörter	Short Term Memory; Children; Twins; Siblings; Reaction Time; Intelligence Tests; Correlation; Structural Equation Models; Genetics; Intelligence Quotient; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Child; Kind; Kinder; Twin; Zwilling; Sibling; Geschwister; Reaktionsvermögen; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest; Korrelation; Humangenetik; Intelligenzquotient
Abstract	This study examined the phenotypic and genotypic relationship between working memory speed (WMS) and working memory capacity (WMC) in 12-year-old twins and their siblings (N = 409). To asses WMS all children performed a reaction time task with three memory loads from which a basic mental speed measure and the derived slope were used. WMC was measured with two subtests of the WISC-R, namely Arithmetic and Digit Span. The phenotypic correlations among the WMS and WMC indices were around -0.30. Heritabilities for all variables ranged from 43% to 56%. Structural equating modelling revealed that a model with two genetic factors, representing WMS and WMC, which were correlated (-0.54) fitted the data best, indicating that WMS and WMC are partly mediated by the same set of genes and partly by separate sets of genes. When general IQ was simultaneously analysed with the data the correlation between the genetic factors for WMS and WMC decreased (-0.25), but was still significant. This means that approximately 50% of the genetic correlation between WMS and WMC is explained by IQ. (Author).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10