18-Month-Olds Predict Specific Action Mistakes through Attribution of False Belief, Not Ignorance, and Intervene Accordingly

Autor/inn/en	Knudsen, Birgit; Liszkowski, Ulf
Titel	18-Month-Olds Predict Specific Action Mistakes through Attribution of False Belief, Not Ignorance, and Intervene Accordingly
Quelle	In: Infancy, 17 (2012) 6, S.672-691 (20 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1525-0008
DOI	10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00105.x
Schlagwörter	Theory of Mind; Infants; Toys; Cognitive Development; Attribution Theory; Adults; Infant Behavior; Prediction; Interpersonal Communication + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Toy; Spielzeug; Kognitive Entwicklung; Vorhersage; Interpersonale Kommunikation
Abstract	This study employed a new "anticipatory intervening" paradigm to tease apart false belief and ignorance-based interpretations of 18-month-olds' helpful informing. We investigated in three experiments whether 18-month-old infants inform an adult selectively about one of the two locations depending on the adult's belief about which of the two locations held her toy. In experiments 1 and 2, the adult falsely believed that one of the locations held her toy. In experiment 3, the adult was ignorant about which of the two locations held her toy. In all cases, however, the toy had been removed from the locations and the locations contained instead materials which the adult wanted to avoid. In experiments 1 and 2, infants spontaneously and selectively informed the adult about the aversive material in the location the adult falsely believed to hold her toy. In contrast, in experiment 3, infants informed the ignorant adult about both locations equally. Results reveal that infants expected the adult to commit a specific action mistake when she held a false belief, but not when she was ignorant. Further, infants were motivated to intervene proactively. Findings reveal a predictive action-based usage of "theory-of-mind" skills at 18 months of age. (Contains 3 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10