When Do Gestures Communicate? A Meta-Analysis

Autor/in	Hostetter, Autumn B.
Titel	When Do Gestures Communicate? A Meta-Analysis
Quelle	In: Psychological Bulletin, 137 (2011) 2, S.297-315 (19 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0033-2909
DOI	10.1037/a0022128
Schlagwörter	Effect Size; Infants; Nonverbal Communication; Listening Comprehension; Meta Analysis; Age Differences; Children; Adults; Coding; Speech Communication; Regression (Statistics) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Hörverständnis; Meta-analysis; Metaanalyse; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Child; Kind; Kinder; Codierung; Programmierung; Regression; Regressionsanalyse
Abstract	Do the gestures that speakers produce while talking significantly benefit listeners' comprehension of the message? This question has been the topic of many research studies over the previous 35 years, and there has been little consensus. The present meta-analysis examined the effect sizes from 63 samples in which listeners' understanding of a message was compared when speech was presented alone with when speech was presented with gestures. It was found that across samples, gestures do provide a significant, moderate benefit to communication. Furthermore, the magnitude of this effect is moderated by 3 factors. First, effects of gesture differ as a function of gesture topic, such that gestures that depict motor actions are more communicative than those that depict abstract topics. Second, effects of gesture on communication are larger when the gestures are not completely redundant with the accompanying speech; effects are smaller when there is more overlap between the information conveyed in the 2 modalities. Third, the size of the effect of gesture is dependent on the age of the listeners, such that children benefit more from gestures than do adults. Remaining questions for future research are highlighted. (Contains 5 tables, 1 figure and 2 footnotes.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10