Prevalence and Epidemiologic Characteristics of FASD From Various Research Methods with an Emphasis on Recent In-School Studies

Autor/inn/en	May, Philip A.; Gossage, J. Phillip; Kalberg, Wendy O.; Robinson, Luther K.; Buckley, David; Manning, Melanie; Hoyme, H. Eugene
Titel	Prevalence and Epidemiologic Characteristics of FASD From Various Research Methods with an Emphasis on Recent In-School Studies
Quelle	In: Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 15 (2009) 3, S.176-192 (17 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1940-5510
DOI	10.1002/ddrr.68
Schlagwörter	Incidence; Research Methodology; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Epidemiology; Foreign Countries; Clinics; Case Studies; Screening Tests; Student Evaluation; Cross Cultural Studies; Alcohol Abuse; Prenatal Influences; At Risk Persons; Child Development; Students; Mothers; Individual Characteristics; Intelligence Quotient; Child Behavior; Daily Living Skills; Interpersonal Competence; Drug Abuse; Pregnancy; Italy; South Africa; United States + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Vorkommen; Research method; Forschungsmethode; Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; Alkoholembryopathie; Epidemiologie; Ausland; Case study; Fallstudie; Case Study; Screening-Verfahren; Schulnote; Studentische Bewertung; Cultural comparison; Kulturvergleich; Pränataler Einfluss; Risikogruppe; Kindesentwicklung; Student; Schüler; Schülerin; Studentin; Mother; Mutter; Personality characteristic; Personality traits; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Intelligenzquotient; Alltagsfertigkeit; Interpersonale Kompetenz; Schwangerschaft; Italien; Südafrika; Süd-Afrika; Republik Südafrika; Südafrikanische Republik; USA
Abstract	Researching the epidemiology and estimating the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) for mainstream populations anywhere in the world has presented a challenge to researchers. Three major approaches have been used in the past: surveillance and record review systems, clinic-based studies, and active case ascertainment methods. The literature on each of these methods is reviewed citing the strengths, weaknesses, prevalence results, and other practical considerations for each method. Previous conclusions about the prevalence of FAS and total FASD in the United States (US) population are summarized. Active approaches which provide clinical outreach, recruitment, and diagnostic services in specific populations have been demonstrated to produce the highest prevalence estimates. We then describe and review studies utilizing in-school screening and diagnosis, a special type of active case ascertainment. Selected results from a number of in-school studies in South Africa, Italy, and the US are highlighted. The particular focus of the review is on the nature of the data produced from in-school methods and the specific prevalence rates of FAS and total FASD which have emanated from them. We conclude that FAS and other FASD are more prevalent in school populations, and therefore the general population, than previously estimated. We believe that the prevalence of FAS in typical, mixed-racial, and mixed-socioeconomic populations of the US is at least 2 to 7 per 1,000. Regarding all levels of FASD, we estimate that the current prevalence of FASD in populations of younger school children may be as high as 2-5% in the US and some Western European countries. (Contains 6 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10