Gaze Behavior and Affect at 6 Months: Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Language Development in Typically Developing Infants and Infants at Risk for Autism

Autor/inn/en	Young, Gregory S.; Merin, Noah; Rogers, Sally J.; Ozonoff, Sally
Titel	Gaze Behavior and Affect at 6 Months: Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Language Development in Typically Developing Infants and Infants at Risk for Autism
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 12 (2009) 5, S.798-814 (17 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1363-755X
DOI	10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00833.x
Schlagwörter	Nonverbal Communication; Mothers; Autism; Infants; Human Body; Expressive Language; Language Acquisition; At Risk Persons; Eye Movements; Longitudinal Studies; Parent Child Relationship; Individual Differences; Clinical Diagnosis; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Severity (of Disability) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Mother; Mutter; Autismus; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Menschlicher Körper; Sprachaneignung; Spracherwerb; Risikogruppe; Augenbewegung; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Parents-child relationship; Parent-child-relation; Parent-child relationship; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; Individueller Unterschied; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Schweregrad
Abstract	This paper presents follow-up longitudinal data to research that previously suggested the possibility of abnormal gaze behavior marked by decreased eye contact in a subgroup of 6-month-old infants at risk for autism (Merin, Young, Ozonoff & Rogers, 2007). Using eye-tracking data and behavioral data recorded during a live mother-infant interaction involving the still-face procedure, the predictive utility of gaze behavior and affective behaviors at 6 months was examined using diagnostic outcome data obtained longitudinally over the following 18 months. Results revealed that none of the infants previously identified as showing lower rates of eye contact had any signs of autism at outcome. In contrast, three infants who were diagnosed with autism demonstrated consistent gaze to the eye region and typical affective responses at 6 months. Individual differences in face scanning and affective responsivity during the live interaction were not related to any continuous measures of symptom frequency or symptom severity. In contrast, results of growth curve models for language development revealed significant relationships between face scanning and expressive language. Greater amounts of fixation to the mother's mouth during live interaction predicted higher levels of expressive language at outcome and greater rates of growth. These findings suggest that although gaze behavior at 6 months may not provide early markers for autism as initially conceived, gaze to the mouth in particular may be useful in predicting individual differences in language development. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10