Explicit Stigma and Implicit Biases toward Autism in South Korea versus the United States

Autor/inn/en	Kim, So Yoon; Cheon, Jeong Eun; Gillespie-Lynch, Kristen; Grandits, Jennifer; Kim, Young-Hoon
Titel	Explicit Stigma and Implicit Biases toward Autism in South Korea versus the United States
Quelle	In: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 27 (2023) 5, S.1492-1507 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Kim, So Yoon) ORCID (Cheon, Jeong Eun) ORCID (Gillespie-Lynch, Kristen) ORCID (Grandits, Jennifer) ORCID (Kim, Young-Hoon)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/13623613221140695
Schlagwörter	Foreign Countries; Cultural Differences; Social Bias; Attitudes toward Disabilities; Autism Spectrum Disorders; Asian Culture; Adults; Familiarity; Ideology; Minority Groups; Ethnic Groups; Predictor Variables; Social Desirability; South Korea; United States; Implicit Association Test; Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale; Marlowe Crowne Social Desirability Scale + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ausland; Kultureller Unterschied; Autism; Autismus; Ideologie; Ethnische Minderheit; Ethnie; Prädiktor; Soziales Bedürfnis; Korea; Republik; USA
Abstract	This cross-cultural study examined Koreans' and Americans' explicit stigma and implicit biases toward autism to examine potential mechanisms underlying recent evidence for heightened explicit autism stigma in South Korea relative to the United States. This evidence is somewhat at odds with other evidence that individuals living in collectivistic cultures such as South Korea may be more prone to present themselves favorably than those living in relatively individualistic cultures such as the United States. A total 224 American and 536 Korean non-autistic adult participants completed an online survey. Implicit biases were measured using the implicit association test. Koreans reported greater explicit stigma and exhibited more implicit biases toward autism than Americans. Explicit stigma was not correlated with implicit biases in either country. Less autism knowledge and pleasant contact with autistic people predicted greater explicit stigma among both Koreans and Americans. Less frequent contact and heightened assimilation ideology toward ethnic minorities predicted greater stigma only among Koreans. The variance in implicit biases explained by predictors was small, emphasizing the need for follow-up research investigating predictors of implicit biases. Informing Koreans about the shortcomings of assimilationist approaches and fostering an appreciation of the plurality of cultures may reduce stigma toward autistic individuals in South Korea. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01