One-Year-Olds Warn Others about Negative Action Outcomes

Autor/inn/en	Knudsen, Birgit; Liszkowski, Ulf
Titel	One-Year-Olds Warn Others about Negative Action Outcomes
Quelle	In: Journal of Cognition and Development, 14 (2013) 3, S.424-436 (13 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1524-8372
DOI	10.1080/15248372.2012.689387
Schlagwörter	Infants; Control Groups; Adults; Nonverbal Communication; Interpersonal Communication; Helping Relationship; Social Behavior; Altruism; Interpersonal Competence; Pragmatics; Infant Behavior; Cognitive Development; Task Analysis; Toys + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Interpersonale Kommunikation; Helfende Beziehung; Social behaviour; Soziales Verhalten; Altruistic behavior; Altruismus; Interpersonale Kompetenz; Pragmalinguistik; Kognitive Entwicklung; Aufgabenanalyse; Toy; Spielzeug
Abstract	Warning others is a paradigm case of communicative helping and prospective action understanding. The current study addressed the ontogeny of warning in infants' gestural communication. We found that 12- and 18-month-olds ("n" = 84) spontaneously warned an adult by pointing out to her an aversive object hidden in her way ("problem" condition). In control conditions, the object was either positive ("no-problem" condition) or the adult had witnessed its placing ("problem-known" condition), which resulted in significantly less pointing. Results show that infants intervene spontaneously to help others avoid a problem before it has occurred. These acts of warning entail an understanding of negatively defined goals (to avoid an outcome) and incorrect representations of reality. Findings support theories of altruism and social-pragmatic competencies in infancy. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Psychology Press. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 325 Chestnut Street Suite 800, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Fax: 215-625-2940; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10