Referring to Actions and Objects in Co-Speech Gesture Production

Autor/in	Keily, Holly
Titel	Referring to Actions and Objects in Co-Speech Gesture Production
Quelle	(2017), (133 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit Ph.D. Dissertation, State University of New York at Buffalo
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
ISBN	978-0-3553-1064-1
Schlagwörter	Hochschulschrift; Dissertation; Nonverbal Communication; Familiarity; Motor Reactions; Observation; Knowledge Level; Speech Communication; Correlation; Models; Simulation; Language Processing + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Thesis; Dissertations; Academic thesis; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Beobachtung; Wissensbasis; Korrelation; Analogiemodell; Simulation program; Simulationsprogramm; Sprachverarbeitung
Abstract	A number of theories exist to explain why people gesture when speaking, when they produce gesture, and the origin of their gestures. This dissertation focuses on four individual variables that can influence gesture: (i) familiarity, (ii) imageability, (iii) codability, and (iv) motor experience. Four experiments were designed to determine how each of these variables influence gesture production. The first experiment found that gesture production increased as topic familiarity decreased, and that gesture rate decreased as description lengths increased. The second experiment confirmed both of those findings. The second experiment also showed that speakers who directly observe an event are influenced by that direct perception, compared to speakers who have only indirect knowledge of an event. The third experiment had people elicit target lexical items. Results showed that gesture production again decreased as utterances got longer. Gesture production also decreased as topic familiarity or codability increased, but that gesture production increased as imageability increased. The fourth experiment again found that gesture rates decreased as description lengths increased. In addition, the final experiment also showed that description lengths and gesture production both increased when speakers had limited levels of exposure to an item and that the most gestures and longest descriptions were produced when speakers had only haptic information about an object. The consistent finding that gesture rate decreased as utterance length increased provides evidence that gesture production is not solely an artifact of the speech production process, but in fact, has communicative purposes. A competition model for speech and gesture is proposed in order to account for the findings in all four experiments. The competition model is an elaboration of the Gesture as Simulated Action theory (Hostetter & Alibali, 2008, 2010). The competition model takes it that gesture and speech are components of one integrated system in people, who prefer to encode information verbally in the speech channel. The competition model proposes that this preference can be overcome when speech production is hindered. In such a circumstance, gestural information is expressed, though the gesture activation threshold may not have changed and gestural activation may not have increased significantly. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.] (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01