Gender-specific human capital. Identification and quantifying its wage effects.

Autor/inn/en	Tverdostup, Maryna; Paas, Tiiu
Titel	Gender-specific human capital. Identification and quantifying its wage effects. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Geschlechtsspezifisches Humankapital. Identifizierung und Quantifizierung seiner Einkommenseffekte.
Quelle	In: International journal of manpower, 38 (2017) 6, S. 854-874 PDF als Volltext Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; gedruckt; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0143-7720; 1758-6577
DOI	10.1108/IJM-05-2016-0111
Schlagwörter	Kompetenz; Kognitive Kompetenz; Problemlösen; Frau; Bildungsertrag; Bildungsabschluss; Lesen; Mathematik; Einkommensunterschied; Humankapital; Einkommenseffekt; Erwerbstätigkeit; Sozialkapital; Internationaler Vergleich; Geschlechtsspezifik; Kompetenzentwicklung; Mann; Estland
Abstract	"Purpose; The paper aims to better understand the possible reasons behind gender pay disparities, focusing on the unique features of male and female human capital and its wage returns. Despite increasing convergence of male and female human capital attainments substantial differences remain. Extraction of human capital components non-overlapping across genders provides more profound explanation of the unexplained wage gap of men and women.; Design/methodology/approach; Starting with non-parametric matching-based decomposition technique, we extend pay gap estimation framework and focus on males and females having no counterpart in a set of characteristics within the opposite gender. We identify gender-unique human capital in terms of (1) differences in distribution of individual characteristics across men and women and (2) gender-specific combination of human capital characteristics. Wage returns to gender-specific profiles are evaluated applying wage regression on both full distribution of earnings and wage quantiles. The research relies on the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) database for Estonia, which incorporates both formal education and cognitive skill records.; Findings; The study identifies sets of characteristics and competencies exclusive for both genders, proving that male and female profiles cannot be directly compared. Our results suggest that men possess high individual and combined abilities in numeracy and problem solving in technology rich environment, not always reached by females. This potentiates men's higher earnings in spite of their generally lower formal educational attainments. Wage gap analysis over the full distribution of earnings shows even larger 'glass ceiling' effect for females, possessing woman-specific human capital.; Originality/value; We raise a research from a novel perspective towards a role of human capital in gender wage inequality. Instead of usual reference to observable gaps in male and female characteristics, we identify the gender-specific human capital profiles, to a large extent non-reached by the opposite gender. Analysed associations between gender-specific characteristics and earnings provide an insight to possible effects of gender-unique human capital on a male-female wage disparity." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2018/1