Early-Life Stress Is Associated with Impairment in Cognitive Control in Adolescence: An fMRI Study

Autor/inn/en	Mueller, Sven C.; Maheu, Francoise S.; Dozier, Mary; Peloso, Elizabeth; Mandell, Darcy; Leibenluft, Ellen; Pine, Daniel S.; Ernst, Monique
Titel	Early-Life Stress Is Associated with Impairment in Cognitive Control in Adolescence: An fMRI Study
Quelle	In: Neuropsychologia, 48 (2010) 10, S.3037-3044 (8 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0028-3932
DOI	10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.06.013
Schlagwörter	Psychopathology; Adolescents; Parents; Stress Variables; Correlation; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Neurological Organization; Cognitive Ability; Comparative Analysis; Diagnostic Tests; Task Analysis; Adoption; Disadvantaged Environment; Child Neglect; Control Groups; Inhibition + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Psychopathologie; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Eltern; Korrelation; Denkfähigkeit; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Aufgabenanalyse; Kindesvernachlässigung; Hemmung
Abstract	Early-life stress (ES) has been associated with diverse forms of psychopathology. Some investigators suggest that these associations reflect the effects of stress on the neural circuits that support cognitive control. However, very few prior studies have examined the associations between ES, cognitive control, and underlying neural architecture. The present study compares adolescents with a documented history of ES to typical adolescents on a cognitive control task using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twelve ES adolescents who were adopted because of early caregiver deprivation (9 females, age = 13 years [plus or minus] 2.58) and 21 healthy control adolescents without a history of ES (10 females, age = 13 years [plus or minus] 1.96) who resided with their biological parents performed the change task (Nelson, Vinton et al., 2007)--a variant of the stop task--during fMRI. Behaviourally, ES adolescents took longer to switch from a prepotent response ("go") to an alternative response ("change") than control adolescents. During correct "change" responses vs. correct "go" responses, this behavioural group difference was accompanied by higher activation in ES subjects than controls. These differences were noted in regions involved in primary sensorimotor processes (pre- and postcentral gyri), conflict monitoring (dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus), inhibitory and response control (inferior prefrontal cortex and striatum), and somatic representations (posterior insula). Furthermore, correct "change" responses vs. incorrect "change" responses recruited the inferior prefrontal cortex (BA 44/46) more strongly in ES subjects than controls. These data suggest impaired cognitive control in youth who experienced ES. (Contains 2 figures and 2 tables.) (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10