Perceptual Adjustments to Multiple Speakers

Autor/inn/en	Kraljic, Tanya; Samuel, Arthur G.
Titel	Perceptual Adjustments to Multiple Speakers
Quelle	In: Journal of Memory and Language, 56 (2007) 1, S.1-15 (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0749-596X
DOI	10.1016/j.jml.2006.07.010
Schlagwörter	Articulation (Speech); Auditory Perception; Phonemes; Cognitive Style; Cognitive Processes; Pronunciation; Audience Response; Communication Research; Language Usage; Individual Differences; Psycholinguistics; Language Proficiency + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Auditive Wahrnehmung; Akustische Wahrnehmung; Akustik; Fonem; Cognitive styles; Kognitiver Stil; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Aussprache; Zuschauerverhalten; Kommunikationsforschung; Sprachgebrauch; Individueller Unterschied; Psycholinguistik; Language skill; Language skills; Sprachkompetenz
Abstract	Different speakers may pronounce the same sounds very differently, yet listeners have little difficulty perceiving speech accurately. Recent research suggests that listeners adjust their preexisting phonemic categories to accommodate speakers' pronunciations ("perceptual learning"). In some cases, these adjustments appear to reflect general changes to phonemic categories, rather than speaker-specific adjustments. But what happens when listeners encounter multiple speakers with different pronunciations? We exposed listeners to two speakers who varied in their pronunciation of a particular phoneme (Experiment 1: /d/ or /t/; Experiment 2: /s/ or /esh/). Listeners then categorized sounds on /d/-/t/ or /s/-/esh/ continua, in the same two voices. The results suggest that perceptual experience leads to very different learning for different types of phonemic contrasts. For fricatives, perceptual learning was speaker-specific: The system was able to maintain multiple different representations simultaneously. In contrast, perceptual learning for stop consonants resulted in more general changes that required the system to re-adjust when a new pronunciation was encountered. (Author).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10