Stuttering and the Basal Ganglia Circuits: A Critical Review of Possible Relations

Autor/in	Alm, Per A.
Titel	Stuttering and the Basal Ganglia Circuits: A Critical Review of Possible Relations
Quelle	In: Journal of Communication Disorders, 37 (2004) 4, S.325-369 (45 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0021-9924
DOI	10.1016/j.jcomdis.2004.03.001
Schlagwörter	Neurology; Neurological Impairments; Neurolinguistics; Stuttering; Language Rhythm; Singing; Psychomotor Skills; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Brain; Correlation; Motion + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Neurologie; Neurodegenerative Erkrankung; Neurolinguistisches Programmieren; Stammer; Stottern; Sprachrhythmus; Gesang; Psychomotorische Aktivität; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Gehirn; Korrelation; Bewegungsablauf
Abstract	The possible relation between stuttering and the basal ganglia is discussed. Important clues to the pathophysiology of stuttering are given by conditions known to alleviate dysfluency, like the rhythm effect, chorus speech, and singing. Information regarding pharmacologic trials, lesion studies, brain imaging, genetics, and developmental changes of the nervous system is reviewed. The symptoms of stuttering are compared with basal ganglia motor disorders like Parkinson's disease and dystonia. It is proposed that the basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor circuits through the putamen are likely to play a key role in stuttering. The core dysfunction in stuttering is suggested to be impaired ability of the basal ganglia to produce timing cues for the initiation of the next motor segment in speech. Similarities between stuttering and dystonia are indicated, and possible relations to the dopamine system are discussed, as well as the interaction between the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia. Behavioral and pharmacologic information suggests the existence of subtypes of stuttering. Learning outcomes: As a result of this activity, the reader will (1) become familiar with the research regarding the basal ganglia system relating to speech motor control; (2) become familiar with the research on stuttering with indications of basal ganglia involvement; and (3) be able to discuss basal ganglia mechanisms with relevance for theory of stuttering. (Author).
Anmerkungen	Elsevier Customer Service Department, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126 (Toll Free); Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com.
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10